Serpentine
Serpentine Group (Antigorite, Lizardite, or Chrysotile) · Collector Mineral / Decorative Stone
Crystal System
Monoclinic or Orthorhombic system; typically found in massive, microcrystalline, or fibrous habits.
Mineral Group
Phyllosilicates (Silicate Class)
Chemical Formula
(Mg,Fe,Ni,Al,Zn,Mn)2-3(Si,Al,Fe)2O5(OH)4
Formation Process
Metamorphic; specifically the hydration and metamorphic transformation of ultramafic rocks like peridotite or pyroxenite (Serpentinization).
About This Crystal
The specimen exhibits a mottled, waxy to dull luster with a characteristic olive-to-dark green color and patches of grey. It is opaque to translucent with a greasy or soapy feel and a microcrystalline massive texture.
Physical Characteristics
Color: Various shades of green, yellow, and grey. Streak: White. Cleavage: Poor or absent in massive forms. Fracture: Conchoidal to splintery. Density: 2.5 - 2.6. No magnetism.
Optical Properties
Refractive Index: 1.55 – 1.57. Birefringence: 0.001 - 0.010. Pleochroism: Weak. Generally lacks significant optical phenomena unless fibrous (chatoyancy).
Hardness & Durability
Origin Region
Global; notably from the USA (California), Canada, Russia, Italy, and South Africa. Typically found in ophiolite complexes.
Hardness & Durability
Mohs Hardness: 2.5 - 5.0 (variable). Relatively soft and brittle; prone to scratching. High sensitivity to acids.
Care & Maintenance
Clean with warm soapy water only; avoid ultrasonic cleaners, steam, and harsh chemicals. Store separately from harder gemstones to prevent surface scratching.
Rarity & Value
Common. Generally affordable. Value is highest for 'Noble Serpentine' (translucent green). Frequently used as an imitation for Jade.
Special Characteristics
Known for its greasy, 'serpent-like' skin texture and waxy luster. Some varieties like Chrysotile are fibrous and can contain asbestos.
Lore & History
Used since antiquity for ornaments and amulets. Historically believed to protect against snakebites and poisons. Associated with the Heart Chakra in modern spiritual practices.