Leaded Glass
Lead Crystal (Artificial Glass) · Decorative Glass / Synthetic Material
Crystal System
Amorphous (Non-crystalline)
Mineral Group
Artificial Silicate Glass
Chemical Formula
SiO2 + PbO (Typically 18-35% lead oxide)
Formation Process
Man-made; created by melting silica sand, potash, and lead oxide at high temperatures, then cooling rapidly to prevent crystallization.
About This Crystal
Transparent, colorless material with high clarity, faceted into a heart shape. It exhibits a high vitreous to sub-adamantine luster and sharp edges from precision cutting.
Physical Characteristics
Color: Colorless; Streak: White/None; Cleavage: None; Fracture: Conchoidal (shell-like); Specific Gravity: 3.1-5.9 (heavier than natural quartz); Fluorescence: Often exhibits strong blue or greenish fluorescence under UV if lead content is high.
Optical Properties
Refractive Index: 1.5 - 1.8 (High); Birefringence: None (Isotropic); Dispersion: High (0.044+), causing significant 'fire' or rainbow flashes; Single refraction.
Hardness & Durability
Origin Region
Manufactured globally (notably Austria, Ireland, and Czech Republic)
Hardness & Durability
Mohs Hardness: 5-5.5; Toughness: Low (Brittle); Stability: Generally stable but sensitive to sudden thermal shock and acidic chemicals.
Care & Maintenance
Clean with mild soap and warm water; use a soft lint-free cloth. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners and abrasive chemicals. Store separately to prevent scratching from harder gemstones like quartz or diamonds.
Rarity & Value
Common (Mass-produced); Value depends on brand (e.g., Swarovski, Waterford) and cut quality rather than material rarity. Usually priced at $10-$50 for small decorative pieces.
Special Characteristics
High dispersion (spectral colors), conchoidal fracture patterns visible at chip sites, and potential for lead-related fluorescence.
Lore & History
Lead glass was perfected by George Ravenscroft in 1674. While not a natural mineral, man-made 'crystals' are used in Feng Shui to disperse energy (Qi) through their rainbow-making properties. Symbolically represents clarity and purity.