Nephrite Jade
Nephrite var. Tremolite-Actinolite · Decorative Stone and Semi-Precious Gemstone
Crystal System
Monoclinic; massive, felted, microcrystalline aggregate habit
Mineral Group
Silicates (Inosilicate, Amphibole group)
Chemical Formula
Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2
Formation Process
Metamorphic, formed via metasomatism at convergent plate boundaries involving serpentinates and dolomitic limestones under high pressure and moderate temperature
About This Crystal
Carved into a decorative or ritualistic shape, this specimen displays an opaque, deep dark green color with a waxy to greasy luster. The surface shows smooth polished facets alongside weathered textured areas, with fibrous microcrystalline structures typical of nephrite.
Physical Characteristics
Dark green body color, white streak, no distinct cleavage (fibrous and tough fracture), specific gravity around 2.95 to 3.10, tough tenacity, non-magnetic, not significantly fluorescent
Optical Properties
Biaxial negative, refractive index ranging from 1.600 to 1.627, birefringence around 0.027, generally opaque to translucent, displaying no prominent pleochroism or special optical phenomena in this macro state
Hardness & Durability
Origin Region
China, Russia, Canada, New Zealand, USA; found in metamorphic environments
Hardness & Durability
Mohs hardness of 6.0 to 6.5, exceptionally high toughness due to its interlocking fibrous micro-structure, making it highly durable and resistant to breaking despite not being as hard as diamond or quartz
Care & Maintenance
Safe to clean with warm soapy water and a soft brush; avoid harsh acids, extreme heat, and ultrasonic cleaners if antique or treated; store separately to prevent scratching softer stones
Rarity & Value
Common to Uncommon depending on quality, carving complexity, and geographic source; valued heavily based on historical craftsmanship, color uniformity, and material purity
Special Characteristics
Exceptional toughness due to the microcrystalline felted amphibole fibers, highly prized historically for intricate carvings due to this lack of cleavage
Lore & History
Deeply revered in ancient Chinese history for thousands of years as the 'Stone of Heaven', symbolizing purity, virtue, and status. Used for ritual objects, weapons, and ornaments. In modern crystal healing, it is associated with the heart chakra and believed to attract good luck, harmony, and abundance.