Hematite
Hematite · Mineral Specimen and Gemstone
Crystal System
Trigonal, typically occurring as massive, botryoidal, tabular, or micaceous habits, and occasionally as rhombohedral crystals with striated faces.
Mineral Group
Oxides and Hydroxides
Chemical Formula
Fe2O3
Formation Process
Forms via hydrothermal veins, sedimentary deposition (as banded iron formations), and as an accessory mineral in igneous rocks, under varying temperature and pressure conditions.
About This Crystal
The specimen is a polished cabochon displaying a dark metallic gray to black body color with a high sub-metallic to metallic luster. Internal growth features and phantom-like crystalline structures are visible beneath the highly polished surface, along with subtle brownish-red iron oxide matrix inclusions.
Physical Characteristics
Color ranges from steel-gray to black with a distinctive reddish-brown streak. It has no true cleavage, exhibits a uneven to sub-conchoidal fracture, a specific gravity of approximately 5.26, and a brittle tenacity.
Optical Properties
Opaque with a metallic luster. It does not exhibit standard light transmission through the bulk material, but polished surfaces show strong specular reflection.
Hardness & Durability
Origin Region
Found globally with major deposits in Brazil, Australia, China, the United States, and the UK. Typically forms in sedimentary, hydrothermal, and igneous environments.
Hardness & Durability
Mohs hardness of 5.5 to 6.5. It has fair to good durability for jewelry when set securely, though it can scratch more easily than quartz and is brittle under sharp impacts.
Care & Maintenance
Clean with warm soapy water and a soft cloth. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners, harsh chemicals, and prolonged exposure to acids. Store separately to prevent scratching softer gemstones.
Rarity & Value
Common mineral worldwide, though high-grade polished specimens and distinct collector forms are moderately valued. Typically very affordable.
Special Characteristics
Displays strong metallic specularity when polished and yields a diagnostic reddish-brown streak, which is the primary field test for identifying hematite.
Lore & History
Historically used as an amulet and pigment since ancient times, particularly by the ancient Egyptians. In modern metaphysical practices, it is traditionally associated with grounding, protection, and balancing the root chakra.