Shungite
Shungite (Non-crystalline carbon polymorph) · Mineral Specimen / Decorative Stone
Crystal System
Amorphous (Non-crystalline); typically occurs in massive or fragmented habits
Mineral Group
Native Element (Carbon-based mineraloid)
Chemical Formula
C (98% carbon) with trace elements of Silicates, Oxides, and Fullerenes (C60, C70)
Formation Process
Sedimentary/Metamorphic; formed from the remains of ancient microscopic organisms in a marine environment, subjected to low-grade metamorphism over 2 billion years
About This Crystal
A jet-black, coal-like mineral with a sub-metallic to vitreous luster. This specimen appears as a 'Noble' or 'Elite' variety, characterized by a shiny, mirror-like black surface with conchoidal (glass-like) fracturing and silver-grey reflections. It is opaque with an uneven, brittle texture.
Physical Characteristics
Color: Deep black to silvery-black; Streak: Black; Cleavage: None; Fracture: Conchoidal to splintery; Specific Gravity: 1.8 - 2.0; Tenacity: Brittle; Conductive: Highly electrically conductive (unique for non-metals)
Optical Properties
Opaque; Luster: Sub-metallic to vitreous; Refractive Index: N/A (Opaque); No pleochroism or birefringence due to amorphous nature
Hardness & Durability
Origin Region
Karelia, Russia (Zazhoginskoye deposit near Lake Onega); found in ancient Precambrian sedimentary rocks
Hardness & Durability
Mohs Hardness: 3.5 - 4.0; Low durability; very brittle and prone to chipping or scratching. Not recommended for high-wear jewelry.
Care & Maintenance
Clean with a soft, dry cloth; avoid water as it can cause the mineral to degrade or leave carbon residue. Store separately from harder stones like quartz to prevent scratching. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners and harsh chemicals.
Rarity & Value
Uncommon; Elite Shungite (shown) is rare compared to common black shungite. Value is determined by carbon percentage and luster. Treatments are rare, though it is sometimes polished to enhance shine.
Special Characteristics
Highly electrically conductive; contains fullerenes (hollow carbon molecules); the only natural source of fullerenes on Earth. Leaves a black mark like graphite on porous surfaces.
Lore & History
Used since the 18th century in Russia for its purported water purification properties (Peter the Great built the first Russian spa on shungite deposits). Metaphysically, it is associated with protection from EMF radiation and 'grounding' the root chakra.