Chrysocolla
Chrysocolla · Semi-Precious Gemstone and Mineral Specimen
Crystal System
Orthorhombic, typically found in massive, botryoidal, or crusting habits.
Mineral Group
Silicates, specifically phyllosilicates.
Chemical Formula
(Cu,Al)2H2Si2O5(OH)4·nH2O
Formation Process
Secondary mineral formed in the oxidation zones of copper ore bodies, typically via low-temperature hydrothermal alteration.
About This Crystal
These drilled beads and tumbled pieces display a deep forest to bluish-green color with characteristic mottled matrix patterns and a sub-vitreous to waxy luster. They are opaque with uneven textures.
Physical Characteristics
Color ranges from bright cyan-blue to deep green; streak is pale green or white; cleavage is none; fracture is conchoidal to uneven; specific gravity ranges from 2.0 to 2.4; tenacity is brittle.
Optical Properties
Biaxial (+) with refractive indices ranging from roughly 1.57 to 1.63; typically displays no notable pleochroism due to its microcrystalline or amorphous nature.
Hardness & Durability
Origin Region
Found worldwide, with notable deposits in the USA (Arizona), Chile, Peru, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Russia.
Hardness & Durability
Mohs hardness of 2.5 to 3.5. Low durability, making it quite soft and susceptible to scratching and breakage if not handled carefully.
Care & Maintenance
Clean only with a soft damp cloth and mild soap. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners, steam, harsh chemicals, and prolonged exposure to direct sunlight or high heat.
Rarity & Value
Common to uncommon mineral, though high-grade gem-quality material with interesting matrix patterns can command higher prices. Often stabilized with resin for use as jewelry beads.
Special Characteristics
Often found intergrown with quartz, malachite, or azurite, resulting in striking multicolored patterns and increased durability.
Lore & History
Historically used by ancient civilizations like the Native Americans and Egyptians as a soothing stone for communication and emotional healing. Associated traditionally with the throat chakra.