Citrine
Quartz var. Citrine · Semi-Precious Gemstone / Collector Mineral
Crystal System
Trigonal; usually found as hexagonal prisms ending in pyramids; this specimen is a polished palm stone/cabochon
Mineral Group
Silicates (Tectosilicates)
Chemical Formula
SiO2
Formation Process
Hydrothermal or Magmatic; formed when quartz is naturally heated by the Earth's mantel, or by heating amethyst/smoky quartz
About This Crystal
Transparent to translucent yellow to golden-brown quartz; displays a vitreous luster with internal fractures and veining typical of polished quartz
Physical Characteristics
Dull yellow to deep amber; white streak; no cleavage; conchoidal fracture; density ~2.65 g/cm³; brittle; non-fluorescent
Optical Properties
Refractive index: 1.544–1.553; double refraction; weak pleochroism; uniaxial positive; no asterism present in this specimen
Hardness & Durability
Origin Region
Brazil (primary), Madagascar, Russia, Spain; commonly found in pegmatites and hydrothermal veins
Hardness & Durability
Mohs hardness 7; very durable for daily jewelry wear; excellent stability but can fade if exposed to intense UV for long periods
Care & Maintenance
Clean with warm soapy water; avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight and harsh chemicals; ultrasonic cleaners are generally safe if no heavy inclusions
Rarity & Value
Relatively common in heat-treated form, rare naturally; value depends on clarity and saturation of the golden hue
Special Characteristics
Exhibits internal veining and light-catching planes known as rainbows or phantoms; this specimen specifically shows a 'palm stone' tumble finish
Lore & History
Historically known as the 'Success Stone' or 'Merchant's Stone'; associated with the solar plexus chakra, prosperity, and energy in traditional lore