Serpentine
Serpentine-group mineral var. Antigorite or Lizardite · Semi-Precious Gemstone / Decorative Stone
Crystal System
Monoclinic; typically found in massive, microcrystalline, or fibrous habits
Mineral Group
Silicates; Phyllosilicate (Sheet Silicate)
Chemical Formula
Mg3Si2O5(OH)4 with potential Fe, Ni, Al substitutions
Formation Process
Metamorphic; specifically serpentinization where ultrabasic rocks (like peridotite) are hydrated at low temperatures
About This Crystal
The specimen shows a mottled, dark green to greyish-green color with a waxy to greasy luster. It is opaque to slightly translucent on thin edges, featuring a compact, massive texture with darker inclusions or veining.
Physical Characteristics
Color: Forest green to olive; Streak: White; Cleavage: Poor/Indistinct; Fracture: Conchoidal to splintery; Specific Gravity: 2.5–2.6; Fluorescence: Generally inert.
Optical Properties
Refractive Index: 1.560–1.571; Birefringence: 0.008–0.014; Optical Character: Doubly refractive (aggregate); No pleochroism due to aggregate nature.
Hardness & Durability
Origin Region
Canada, USA (California), Italy, Greece, and New Zealand; typically found in ophiolite complexes
Hardness & Durability
Mohs Hardness: 3.0–6.0 (variable depending on variety); Toughness: Fair to good in massive forms; Stability: Sensitive to acids and high heat.
Care & Maintenance
Clean only with warm soapy water and a soft cloth. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners, steam, and harsh chemicals. Store separately from harder stones like quartz to prevent scratching.
Rarity & Value
Common; Value is generally low to moderate. High-quality translucent varieties (Bowenite) are more valuable. Commonly used for carvings and cabochons.
Special Characteristics
May exhibit a 'greasy' feel; massive varieties can resemble jade (sometimes misleadingly sold as 'New Jade'). Inclusions of magnetite may make some specimens slightly magnetic.
Lore & History
Historically used by ancient Romans for protection against sorcery. Symbolizes regeneration and the earth's energy. Traditionally associated with the Heart Chakra and believed to aid in clearing emotional blockages.