Hematite
Hematite · Mineral Specimen and Ore Mineral
Crystal System
Trigonal, with tabular, massive, or botryoidal crystal habits and common twinning on {0001}.
Mineral Group
Oxides, specifically the Hematite group.
Chemical Formula
Fe2O3
Formation Process
Sedimentary, hydrothermal, and igneous processes. Banded iron formations form through chemical precipitation in ancient oceans, while hydrothermal forms from hot mineral-rich solutions.
About This Crystal
The specimen shows dark metallic grey to black crystals with a sub-metallic to metallic luster. The crystals display aggregate or tabular forms with reflective cleavage faces embedded in a brownish-earthy matrix.
Physical Characteristics
Color is steel-gray to black with a characteristic reddish-brown streak. It has no true cleavage, exhibits uneven to conchoidal fracture, specific gravity of approximately 5.3, and is brittle.
Optical Properties
Opaque with a metallic to sub-metallic luster. It is anisotropic under reflected light and does not exhibit significant dispersion or pleochroism due to opacity.
Hardness & Durability
Origin Region
Found globally with major deposits in Brazil, Australia, China, and the USA. Forms in diverse geological environments including sedimentary iron formations, hydrothermal veins, and volcanic settings.
Hardness & Durability
Mohs hardness of 5.5 to 6.5. It has moderate to good durability, though thin plates can be brittle. Suitable for wear with protective settings.
Care & Maintenance
Clean with mild soapy water and a soft cloth. Avoid harsh acids, ultrasonic cleaners, and abrasive materials. Store separately to prevent scratching softer stones.
Rarity & Value
Common globally. Value depends on crystal perfection, form, and specimen size, ranging from inexpensive tumbling rough to moderately priced collector specimens.
Special Characteristics
Exhibits a distinct reddish-brown streak regardless of the external metallic silver color, which is the definitive diagnostic feature for hematite.
Lore & History
Historically used as an amulet for protection and grounding by ancient civilizations including the Egyptians and Greeks. In crystal lore, it is associated with grounding, balancing energy, and the root chakra.