Citrine
Quartz var. Citrine · Semi-Precious Gemstone
Crystal System
Trigonal, prismatic crystal habit with striated faces and terminations
Mineral Group
Silicates, Tectosilicate subgroup
Chemical Formula
SiO2
Formation Process
Hydrothermal and igneous processes, often forming within pegmatites or volcanic cavities through cooling of silica-rich solutions at high temperatures
About This Crystal
Vibrant golden-orange to amber coloration with high transparency in the upper termination and fibrous, striated growth textures along the elongated body, showing natural growth imperfections and root termination
Physical Characteristics
Vibrant orange body color, white streak, conchoidal fracture, distinct lack of cleavage, specific gravity of approximately 2.65, brittle tenacity, vitreous luster
Optical Properties
Singly or doubly refractive depending on the vibration plane, uniaxial positive optical character, refractive index of 1.544 to 1.553, weak birefringence
Hardness & Durability
Origin Region
Brazil, Madagascar, and parts of the Ural Mountains in Russia, typically found in hydrothermal veins and pegmatites
Hardness & Durability
Mohs hardness of 7, good durability and wearability for jewelry use, highly resistant to scratching but sensitive to rapid thermal shock
Care & Maintenance
Clean with warm soapy water using a soft brush, avoid harsh chemicals or prolonged exposure to direct sunlight to prevent potential fading of color
Rarity & Value
Common to uncommon depending on natural color origin; highly valued specimens are entirely natural without heat-treatment enhancement
Special Characteristics
Piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties, natural internal phantom-like growth planes, and high clarity windows within the crystal tip
Lore & History
Historically known as the 'merchant's stone' for its association with abundance and success, linked traditionally with the Solar Plexus chakra in modern crystal healing practices