Galena
Galena · Mineral Specimen
Crystal System
Cubic (Isometric); typically forms cubic or cubo-octahedral crystals, often with well-defined cleavage planes.
Mineral Group
Sulfides
Chemical Formula
PbS
Formation Process
Hydrothermal veins, sedimentary replacement deposits, and limestone cavities at low to moderate temperatures.
About This Crystal
Metallic, lead-gray colored crystalline aggregate with a high brilliant metallic luster, showing distinct cubic cleavage steps and brilliant reflective faces.
Physical Characteristics
Color: Lead-gray to silver. Streak: Lead-gray to black. Cleavage: Perfect cubic cleavage in three directions at 90 degrees. Fracture: Subconchoidal to uneven. Specific Gravity: High, approximately 7.4 to 7.6. Tenacity: Brittle.
Optical Properties
Opaque with a strong metallic luster. Isotropic.
Hardness & Durability
Origin Region
Found globally; notable deposits include Missouri (USA), Zacatecas (Mexico), Freiberg (Germany), and various locations in UK, Peru, and Canada.
Hardness & Durability
Mohs hardness of 2.5, making it very soft and easily scratched by a fingernail or copper coin. Low durability for jewelry use due to softness and perfect cleavage.
Care & Maintenance
Wash hands after handling due to lead content. Clean gently with a soft dry cloth; avoid acids, water immersion, and harsh chemicals. Store separately to prevent scratching.
Rarity & Value
Common as a lead ore, but fine mineral specimens featuring sharp cubic crystals are valued by collectors.
Special Characteristics
High specific gravity resulting in a heavy feel for its size; distinctly high metallic luster and perfect cubic cleavage.
Lore & History
Historically used as a major source of lead and silver extraction since ancient times, and historically ground into powders for cosmetics. In crystal healing lore, it is thought to ground energy and promote holistic thinking, though these are traditional beliefs and not scientific claims.