Emerald
Beryl var. Emerald · Precious Gemstone
Crystal System
Hexagonal system, forming prismatic crystals
Mineral Group
Silicates, specifically Cyclosilicates
Chemical Formula
Be3Al2Si6O18 with trace amounts of Cr and V
Formation Process
Hydrothermal and metamorphic processes where beryllium-rich fluids interact with chromium or vanadium-bearing rocks
About This Crystal
A vibrant green gemstone featuring a rich green hue, transparent to translucent clarity, and a vitreous luster, often cut into faceted shapes like round or emerald cuts
Physical Characteristics
Vivid green body color, white streak, poor basal cleavage, conchoidal to uneven fracture, specific gravity around 2.72, brittle tenacity
Optical Properties
Uniaxial negative with moderate birefringence, weak to moderate pleochroism showing bluish-green to yellowish-green
Hardness & Durability
Origin Region
Colombia, Zambia, Brazil, Zimbabwe, and Madagascar, typically found in hydrothermal veins and schist
Hardness & Durability
Mohs hardness of 7.5 to 8, but typically has poor toughness due to numerous internal inclusions (jardin), making it moderately vulnerable to impact
Care & Maintenance
Clean with warm soapy water using a soft brush; avoid ultrasonic cleaners, steam cleaners, and harsh chemicals due to oil or resin fracture fillings
Rarity & Value
Precious and rare, especially fine-quality stones with deep saturation and minimal inclusions; valued highly with oil or resin fracture enhancement being standard practice
Special Characteristics
Famous for its characteristic internal inclusions known as 'jardin' (garden), and strong absorption spectrum
Lore & History
Historically treasured by ancient Egyptians like Cleopatra and Inca civilizations as a symbol of rebirth and fertility; traditionally associated with the Heart Chakra and renewal