Chrysocolla
Chrysocolla · Semi-Precious Gemstone / Mineral Specimen
Crystal System
Orthorhombic; typically occurs in massive, earthy, or botryoidal forms; rarely found as distinct crystals.
Mineral Group
Silicates (Phyllosilicate subgroup)
Chemical Formula
Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4·nH2O
Formation Process
Secondary mineral formed in the oxidation zones of copper deposits through hydrothermal or meteoric water interaction with copper-bearing rocks.
About This Crystal
An opaque to translucent mineral with a vibrant cyan-to-green hue. It often exhibits a vitreous to earthy luster and is frequently found intermixed with quartz, malachite, or azurite, giving it a mottled or patterned appearance.
Physical Characteristics
Color: Cyan, turquoise-blue, or green; Streak: Pale blue-green; Cleavage: None; Fracture: Conchoidal to uneven; Specific Gravity: 2.0-2.4; Non-fluorescent.
Optical Properties
Biaxial negative; Refractive Index: 1.50–1.60; typically singly refractive in massive forms; no significant pleochroism due to opacity.
Hardness & Durability
Origin Region
Arizona (USA), Katanga (Congo), Chile, and Israel (Eilat Stone). It typically forms in the oxidation zones of copper ore bodies.
Hardness & Durability
Mohs hardness: 2.5–3.5 (though often higher at 7 if silicated with quartz); very brittle; poor toughness; sensitive to acids and heat.
Care & Maintenance
Clean only with warm, soapy water and a soft cloth. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners, steam, and harsh chemicals. Store separately from harder stones to prevent scratching.
Rarity & Value
Common globally but high-quality 'gem silica' (chrysocolla-infused quartz) is very rare and valuable. Standard specimens are affordable, ranging from $5 to $50 depending on size and color.
Special Characteristics
Often found as 'Gem Silica' when infused with chalcedony; can exhibit botryoidal textures or pseudomorphs after other minerals like azurite.
Lore & History
Historically used as a copper ore and sometimes as a soldering agent in ancient goldsmithing (hence the Greek name 'gold glue'). Traditionally associated with the throat and heart chakras, believed to promote communication and tranquility.