Hematite
Hematite · Mineral Specimen and Ore Mineral
Crystal System
Trigonal, rhombohedral system; commonly found in massive, botryoidal, tabular, or micaceous habits.
Mineral Group
Oxide mineral group
Chemical Formula
Fe2O3
Formation Process
Forms through various geological processes including igneous, metamorphic, hydrothermal, and sedimentary environments, frequently precipitating from aqueous solutions or forming via contact metamorphism.
About This Crystal
The specimen displays a dark metallic gray to black color with a sub-metallic to metallic luster. The surface is opaque and shows characteristic uneven, rugged textures with metallic sheen reflections under direct light.
Physical Characteristics
Color ranges from steel-gray to black or reddish-brown; streak is cherry-red or reddish-brown; cleavage is absent (exhibits parting); fracture is uneven to sub-conchoidal; specific gravity is approximately 5.26; tenacity is brittle; strongly magnetic only when heated or containing magnetite impurities.
Optical Properties
Opaque with a metallic to sub-metallic luster; isotropic in thick sections but can show weak anisotropy in extremely thin flakes.
Hardness & Durability
Origin Region
Worldwide distribution; notable large deposits found in Brazil, China, Australia, and the USA (Lake Superior region).
Hardness & Durability
Mohs hardness of 5.5 to 6.5; moderate toughness but brittle; stable under normal environmental conditions, though vulnerable to strong acids.
Care & Maintenance
Clean with warm soapy water and a soft cloth; avoid harsh acids and abrasive chemicals; store separately to prevent scratching softer materials.
Rarity & Value
Common mineral worldwide; value depends heavily on specimen form, polish quality, and specific habit, generally ranging from inexpensive tumbled stones to moderately priced collector specimens.
Special Characteristics
Famous for its distinct reddish-brown streak despite its metallic silver-gray external appearance, which is a key diagnostic feature.
Lore & History
Historically used as an amulet and pigment since ancient times, particularly by Native Americans and ancient Egyptians. In modern metaphysical practices, it is traditionally associated with grounding, protection, and balancing the root chakra.