Specular Hematite
Hematite (Specularite) · Mineral Specimen / Industrial Mineral / Ornamental Stone
Crystal System
Trigonal; typically occurs in micaceous, foliated, or massive habits as seen here
Mineral Group
Oxides (Hematite Group)
Chemical Formula
Fe2O3
Formation Process
Primary oxide of iron forming in hydrothermal veins, metamorphic rocks, and as a product of volcanic sublimation.
About This Crystal
This specimen exhibits a metallic, plate-like appearance with a steel-gray to black color. It shows a 'specular' or mirror-like luster due to the alignment of many small, micaceous crystalline flakes. The material is opaque with a sparkling, glittery surface texture.
Physical Characteristics
Color: Steel gray to black; Streak: Reddish-brown; Cleavage: None (has parting); Fracture: Uneven to subconchoidal; Specific Gravity: 5.26; Magnetism: Weakly magnetic after heating; Luster: Metallic.
Optical Properties
Opaque; highly reflective metallic luster; very high refractive index (2.87-3.15) though not measurable by standard gemological means. No pleochroism visible due to opacity.
Hardness & Durability
Origin Region
Notable sources include Minas Gerais, Brazil; Elba, Italy; and Michigan/Minnesota, USA (Iron Ranges).
Hardness & Durability
Mohs Hardness: 5.5 - 6.5; Brittle tenacity; stable under normal conditions but can chip easily if foliated.
Care & Maintenance
Clean with a soft brush and dry cloth; avoid ultrasonic cleaners if the specimen is porous or friable. Keep away from acids which can etch the surface. Avoid prolonged water exposure to prevent oxidation of associated minerals.
Rarity & Value
Common; generally inexpensive mineral specimen. Value increases for large, undamaged crystals or specimens with unique aesthetics. No common treatments.
Special Characteristics
Specularite is characterized by its 'glitter' effect (specularity) caused by thousands of tiny mirror-like crystal faces. It leaves a distinctive red-brown streak regardless of its black exterior.
Lore & History
Historically used as a pigment (red ochre) for cave paintings and cosmetic purposes. Ancient Greeks associated it with the god of war, Ares/Mars, due to its 'blood-like' streak. In metaphysical traditions, it is considered a grounding stone associated with the Root Chakra.