Hematite
Hematite · Mineral Specimen and Decorative Stone
Crystal System
Trigonal. Commonly occurs in botryoidal, reniform, or massive habits, but can form as tabular crystals or micaceous aggregates.
Mineral Group
Oxides
Chemical Formula
Fe2O3
Formation Process
Forms through various processes including igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary environments. Often precipitates from aqueous solutions in sedimentary environments to form banded iron formations.
About This Crystal
The specimen appears as a dark, metallic to sub-metallic spherical nodule or concretion, typical of tumbled or naturally rounded hematite. It displays a dark gray to black metallic surface with some lighter patches due to surface wear.
Physical Characteristics
Color is steel-gray to black, with a distinctive reddish-brown streak. It has no true cleavage, exhibits an uneven to conchoidal fracture, and a high specific gravity of around 5.26. Luster is metallic to dull.
Optical Properties
Opaque with a metallic to sub-metallic luster. Not applicable for standard refractive indices or internal optical phenomena like pleochroism due to complete opacity.
Hardness & Durability
Origin Region
Found globally with major deposits in Brazil, Italy, Switzerland, Sweden, Canada, and the USA (notably Michigan and Minnesota). Forms in diverse geological settings.
Hardness & Durability
Mohs hardness of 5.5 to 6.5. It is relatively brittle but durable enough for everyday handling, though heavy impacts can fracture the stone.
Care & Maintenance
Clean with mild soapy water and a soft cloth. Avoid harsh chemical cleaners and prolonged exposure to moisture to prevent surface oxidation or rust on lower-quality specimens.
Rarity & Value
Common. Hematite is abundant worldwide. Value is generally low to moderate depending on the quality of the finish and size of the specimen.
Special Characteristics
Notable for its heavy weight relative to size (high specific gravity) and its distinctive reddish-brown streak, which is the diagnostic test for identifying hematite.
Lore & History
Historically used in ancient times for talismans and amulets, and by native peoples for red pigment (ochre). In modern metaphysical practices, it is considered a grounding stone associated with the root chakra, believed to absorb negative energy and promote focus.