Serpentine (variety: Green Serpentine/New Jade)
Serpentine Group (Magnesium Iron Silicate Hydroxide) · Semi-Precious Gemstone / Decorative Stone
Crystal System
Monoclinic or Trigonal (commonly occurs in massive, microcrystalline, or fibrous habits rather than distinct crystals)
Mineral Group
Silicates (Phyllosilicates)
Chemical Formula
(Mg,Fe,Ni,Mn,Zn,Al)2-3(Si,Al,Fe)2O5(OH)4
Formation Process
Metamorphic; specifically the hydrothermal alteration (serpentinization) of olivine and pyroxene in ultramafic rocks at low temperatures.
About This Crystal
A polished dark green sphere featuring mottled 'snake-skin' patterns and a waxy to sub-vitreous luster. It shows translucent to opaque areas with visible white to light green circular inclusions or mineral zoning.
Physical Characteristics
Color: Dark forest green with lighter inclusions. Streak: White. Cleavage: Poor/absent in massive form. Fracture: Conchoidal to splintery. Specific Gravity: 2.5–2.6. Tenacity: Brittle to tough.
Optical Properties
Refractive Index: 1.56-1.57. Birefringence: 0.008 to 0.014. Usually aggregate reaction under polariscope. Non-pleochroic in massive form.
Hardness & Durability
Origin Region
Canada, USA, South Africa, UK (Lizard Peninsula), and Afghanistan. Forms in ultramafic rocks through serpentinization.
Hardness & Durability
Mohs hardness: 3 to 5. Relatively soft compared to quartz. Moderate toughness but sensitive to scratching and acids.
Care & Maintenance
Clean with warm soapy water and a soft cloth. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners, harsh chemicals, and acidic cleaners. Store away from harder gemstones like diamonds to prevent scratches.
Rarity & Value
Common rarity. Value is generally low to moderate, determined by the intensity of color and quality of the polish/patterns. Commonly used for carvings and decorative spheres.
Special Characteristics
Displays a characteristic 'greasy' or waxy feel. Some varieties may show weak green fluorescence. Patterning (mottling) resembles snake scales, giving it its name.
Lore & History
Historically used as a protective stone meant to guard against snake bites and poison. Historically associated with ancient Roman and Aztec cultures. In modern lore, it is associated with the Heart Chakra and balancing transitions.