Lapis Lazuli
Lazurite-rich metamorphic rock · Semi-Precious Gemstone / Decorative Stone
Crystal System
Isometric (as individual Lazurite crystals); typically occurs in massive, granular habit.
Mineral Group
Sodalite group (Silicates; Tectosilicates)
Chemical Formula
(Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(SO4,S,Cl,OH)2 (Lazurite) + FeS2 (Pyrite) + CaCO3 (Calcite)
Formation Process
Metamorphic; typically forms through contact metamorphism of limestone or marble.
About This Crystal
Deep celestial blue rock with a vitreous to greasy luster. Typically exhibits a mottled appearance due to white calcite streaks and gold-toned brassy pyrite inclusions.
Physical Characteristics
Blue body color with white and gold inclusions; blue streak; no cleavage; conchoidal to uneven fracture; specific gravity 2.7–2.9; occasionally fluoresces orange/red under LWUV.
Optical Properties
Aggregately refractive with a refractive index of approximately 1.50; opaque; no pleochroism or dispersion.
Hardness & Durability
Origin Region
Sar-e-Sang, Afghanistan (primary); Lake Baikal, Russia; Andes Mountains, Chile.
Hardness & Durability
5 to 6 on Mohs scale; brittle toughness; sensitive to high heat and pressure; average wearability for jewelry.
Care & Maintenance
Clean with warm, soapy water only; avoid ultrasonic and steam cleaners; sensitive to acids and solvents; store separately to prevent scratching.
Rarity & Value
Uncommon; value determined by intense blue color and minimal white calcite; often dyed or impregnated with wax/resin to enhance appearance.
Special Characteristics
Characteristic 'starry sky' appearance due to golden pyrite flecks; may show bright orange fluorescence due to sodalite content.
Lore & History
Used since the 7th millennium BC; prized by Ancient Egyptians for amulets and funeral masks like Tutankhamun's. Historically ground into 'ultramarine' pigment for Renaissance painters. Traditionally associated with the Third Eye chakra, truth, and wisdom.