Serpentine
Serpentine-group (Antigorite/Lizardite variety) · Semi-Precious Gemstone / Decorative Stone / Mineral Specimen
Crystal System
Monoclinic; typically occurs in massive, fibrous, or platy habits rather than distinct crystals.
Mineral Group
Silicates; Phyllosilicates (Serpentine Group)
Chemical Formula
(Mg,Fe,Ni,Al,Zn,Mn)2-3(Si,Al,Fe)2O5(OH)4
Formation Process
Metamorphic process known as serpentinization, where ultramafic rocks (like peridotite) are altered by low-temperature hydrothermal fluids.
About This Crystal
This specimen displays a waxy to greasy luster with a characteristic mottled olive-to-yellowish-green color. It appears opaque and shows a massive, somewhat rugged surface texture with darker green veins and patches.
Physical Characteristics
Color: Olive green to yellow-green; Streak: White; Cleavage: Poor; Fracture: Conchoidal to splintery; Specific Gravity: 2.5–2.6; Fluorescence: Generally none or weak green.
Optical Properties
Refractive Index: 1.560–1.571; Birefringence: 0.008–0.014; Luster: Waxy, greasy, or silky; Diaphaneity: Opaque to translucent in thin sections.
Hardness & Durability
Origin Region
Notable sources include Canada, USA (California), United Kingdom (Cornwall), and Italy. Typically found in ophiolite complexes and serpentinized peridotites.
Hardness & Durability
Mohs Hardness: 2.5–5.5 (variable); Toughness: Fair to poor; Stability: Sensitive to heat and strong acids; low wearability for rings, better for cabochons or carvings.
Care & Maintenance
Clean only with warm, soapy water and a soft cloth; avoid ultrasonic cleaners and steam. Store separately to prevent scratching by harder minerals like quartz.
Rarity & Value
Common and widely available. Value is determined by color intensity and pattern. Often used as an inexpensive substitute for jade. Common treatments include waxing to enhance luster.
Special Characteristics
Can exhibit a variety of textures including 'Snakeskin' patterns; some fibrous varieties (Chrysotile) are asbestiform. It may show waxy translucency in high-quality specimens.
Lore & History
Historically used for decorative carvings and architectural columns. In folklore, it was believed to protect against venomous creatures and bad luck. Associated with the heart chakra in modern crystal practices.