Aquamarine
Beryl var. Aquamarine · Precious Gemstone
Crystal System
Hexagonal, typically occurring as prismatic crystals with basal pinacoids
Mineral Group
Silicates, specifically Cyclosilicates
Chemical Formula
Be3Al2Si6O18 with trace Fe2+ and Fe3+
Formation Process
Igneous and hydrothermal processes, crystallizing from cooling magma rich in beryllium within pegmatites and cavities under high temperature and pressure.
About This Crystal
A pale blue to greenish-blue raw crystal fragment showing translucent to semi-transparent clarity, vitreous luster on crystal faces, and characteristic uneven fracture surfaces with minor internal inclusions.
Physical Characteristics
Light blue to blue-green body color, white streak, poor basal cleavage, conchoidal to uneven fracture, specific gravity of approximately 2.67 to 2.74, brittle tenacity, and typically inert under UV light.
Optical Properties
Uniaxial negative with a refractive index of 1.577-1.583, weak birefringence of 0.005-0.009, and weak to moderate dichroism showing colorless/blue or blue/blue-green shades.
Hardness & Durability
Origin Region
Notable sources include Brazil, Madagascar, Pakistan, Nigeria, and the USA. Forms in granitic pegmatites and hydrothermal veins.
Hardness & Durability
Mohs hardness of 7.5 to 8, good durability and toughness, making it highly suitable for everyday jewelry wear.
Care & Maintenance
Clean with warm soapy water using a soft brush; avoid harsh chemicals, ultrasonic cleaners if heavily included, and prolonged exposure to direct sunlight to maintain optimal color stability.
Rarity & Value
Uncommon to rare depending on clarity and depth of color; valued by color saturation, lack of inclusions, and size. Heat treatment is commonly used to remove green components and enhance blue tones.
Special Characteristics
May occasionally exhibit cat's eye chatoyancy (aquamarine cat's eye) when properly cut as a cabochon, or contain liquid and two-phase inclusions.
Lore & History
Historically regarded by ancient sailors as a talisman for safe passage across the seas. Associated with the throat chakra in crystal healing, symbolizing clarity, communication, and tranquility.